maraud, v.
Pronunciation: Brit. /məˈrɔːd/, U.S. /məˈrɔd/, /məˈrɑd/
Forms: 16–18 (18– Irish English) morode, 17 marode, 17 merrode, 17– maraud.
Etymology: < French marauder to pilfer, to maraud (16th cent. in Middle French) < Middle French maraud rogue, vagabond (c1480 in form marault); further etymology uncertain and disputed.
Ultimately from French maraud are Spanish merodear to prowl, to maraud (18th cent.), merodeo prowling, marauding, and German marodieren to maraud, marode worn out with marching (said originally of stragglers belonging to an army), Marode act of marauding, Marodebruder, Marodereiter straggler, deserter. The French words were adopted in German in the 17th cent., and were punningly associated with the name of Count Mérode, an imperialist general in the Thirty Years' War, whose troops were notorious for lack of discipline.
The derivatives marauder n. and marauding n. are attested earlier than the verb, but this is perhaps accidental.
1. intr.
a. To make a raid for the purpose of plundering. Also (rarely) with on, upon.
1684 [implied in: T. Otway Atheist v. 63 Peace you Rogue; no Moroding now: we'll burn, rob, demolish and murder another time together. [at marauding n.]
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 165. ¶5 They met with a Party of French that had been Marauding.
1711 S. Centlivre Mar-plot i. i. 8 Ask your Brother Don Lopez, who will have it that you send your Eyes a merroding for English Forage.
1788 Indian Vocab. 19 Bindarra,..who receive no pay, but..give a certain monthly sum to the commander in chief, for permission to maraud or plunder under the sanction of his banners.
1813 Scott Bridal of Triermain ii. i. 53 The Saxon stern, the pagan Dane, Maraud on Britain's shores again.
1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith iv. ii. §5. 229 He [sc. the Arab] will no longer maraud, because..he is placing himself in danger of being marauded upon.
1931 P. S. Buck Good Earth xxiii. 239 Now these things..were sign and symbol of a band of robbers who lived and marauded toward the north-west.
1992 A. W. Eckert Sorrow in our Heart vi. 368 Catahecassa..forbade any war parties crossing the river to the Kentucky side to maraud.
b. In extended use: to go about in a menacing or predatory manner.
1770 Monthly Rev. 132 A flea..Upon a taylor's neck was taken Marauding for a dinner.
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. xv. 297, I dare say it will cure him of coming marauding about the house for one while.
1816 Scott Antiquary III. v. 112 Juno,—who, though formally banished from the parlour, failed not to maraud about the out-settlements.
1844 Ld. Brougham Albert Lunel I. v. 138 He was an old offender, probably come from Marseilles to maraud at the Candlemas fair of Nismes.
1992 Spy(N.Y.) Mar. 57/1 Rourke also boxes semiprofessionally and marauds with a motorcycle pack in southern California.
1996 Cosmopolitan (U.K. ed.) Sept. 120/3 He spends 99.9 per cent of his time boozing and marauding with the boys.
2. trans. To plunder (a place); to harry; to ravage. Also in extended use.
1829 W. Irving Chron. Conquest Granada I. xii. 112 The tract of country they intended to maraud was far in the Moorish territories.
1894 G. Moore Esther Waters 321 One is always marauding the other's territory.
1937 S. MacManus Bold Blades of Donegal 34 Your..cow-bastes that you've let morode and destroy my wee patch of kail.
1953 Cape Times 3 Apr. 2 Bredasdorp... Mr Hennie Geldenhuys has..killed two lynx which marauded farms in the strandveld area of the district in the summer.
1976 W. W. Warner Beautiful Swimmers iii. 35 The rapacious bluefish no longer maraud crab pots.
1983 G. Swift Waterland (1984) xxxii. 222 Louring summer rain clouds are marauding the horizon.
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